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Isoniazid and hypoglycaemia in a premature infant

F Ovali1, N Samanci, E Sevinç

  • 1Neonatal Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Turkey. fovali@yahoo.com

Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health
|July 22, 2004
PubMed

Insights

Severe hypoglycemia in a premature infant was linked to the mother's isoniazid treatment for tuberculosis. Stopping the medication led to the infant's recovery, suggesting a potential drug-induced effect requiring further study.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pharmacology
  • Infectious Disease

Background:

  • A premature infant presented with severe hypoglycemia, necessitating aggressive glucose infusion.
  • The infant's mother had active tuberculosis and was receiving prophylactic isoniazid therapy during pregnancy.

Observation:

  • The infant exhibited persistent and severe hypoglycemia unresponsive to standard treatments.
  • A notable correlation was observed between the mother's isoniazid use and the infant's hypoglycemic episodes.

Findings:

  • Discontinuation of maternal isoniazid therapy resulted in a rapid and complete resolution of the infant's hypoglycemia.
  • This clinical observation strongly suggests a potential causal link between maternal isoniazid and neonatal hypoglycemia.

Implications:

  • This case highlights a potential adverse drug effect of isoniazid in neonates via maternal transfer.
  • Further pharmacological investigations are warranted to elucidate the mechanism and confirm the cause-and-effect relationship.
  • Clinicians should consider maternal isoniazid exposure in the differential diagnosis of severe neonatal hypoglycemia.

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