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Genetic information leaflets: influencing attitudes towards genetic testing
Susan Michie1, Elena di Lorenzo, Ruth Lane
1Department of Psychology and Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 7HB, UK.
Summary
Leaflet design and presentation significantly impact attitudes toward predictive genetic testing. Even minor changes can influence interest, highlighting the need for careful evaluation of genetic information materials.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Behavioral Science
- Health Communication
Background:
- Clinical genetics and population-based testing aim to inform choices without directing decisions.
- Genetic information leaflets are crucial for educating individuals about predictive genetic testing.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how a seemingly neutral genetics information leaflet influences attitudes toward predictive genetic testing.
- To assess the impact of leaflet presentation and content on individuals' interest in genetic testing.
Main Methods:
- Four studies were conducted, examining leaflet presentation (glossy vs. black and white) and reading methods (read-only vs. read-and-question.
- Content analysis involved 'think aloud,' 'card sort,' and delayed recall tasks.
Main Results:
- Glossy leaflets and interactive questioning led to more positive attitudes and increased interest in genetic testing.
- Information detailing advantages or disease-related aspects of genetic testing was better recalled.
- Attitudes varied significantly based on the type of information presented.
Conclusions:
- Small modifications in genetic information leaflets can substantially alter attitudes toward genetic testing.
- The format, presentation, and content of genetic information require careful evaluation for their impact on decision-making.
- Ensuring unbiased information is critical in clinical and population-based genetic testing.