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Environmental control and immunotherapy for allergic disease.
1Division of Allergy, Children's Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL 60614.
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|September 1, 1992
Summary
Environmental control and allergen immunotherapy can effectively manage allergic diseases, including sinusitis, asthma, and insect sting allergies. These treatments reduce symptoms and improve quality of life for many patients.
Area of Science:
- Allergy and Immunology
- Environmental Health
Background:
- Allergic diseases often lead to recurrent sinusitis and other chronic conditions.
- House dust mites and animal dander are common allergens contributing to symptoms.
- Subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) is a treatment option for specific allergic conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline effective environmental control measures for common allergens.
- To detail the efficacy and indications for subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT).
- To provide guidance on managing allergic diseases and preventing complications like sinusitis.
Main Methods:
- Environmental modifications: removing carpeting, feather bedding; using acaricides; maintaining low humidity (<50%); employing HEPA-filtered air cleaners and vacuum cleaners.
- SCIT protocol: gradual dose increase to induce antibody response without adverse reactions; duration of 1-2 years for sustained improvement.
- Allergen selection for immunotherapy: pollen, house dust mite, cat, and mold spore extracts.
Main Results:
- Environmental controls significantly improve symptoms from house dust mites and animal dander.
- SCIT is effective for anaphylaxis from insect stings, allergic rhinitis, and allergic asthma, but not food allergies.
- Properly administered SCIT is safe and effective, with efficacy dependent on dosage, duration, and allergen choice.
Conclusions:
- Environmental modifications are crucial for managing allergies triggered by indoor allergens.
- Subcutaneous immunotherapy offers a safe and effective treatment for specific allergic conditions when indicated.
- Comprehensive management strategies, including environmental control and immunotherapy, can prevent recurrent sinusitis and improve patient outcomes.
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