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Perinatal outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease
M C Bush1, S Patel, R H Lapinski
1Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) face higher risks for Cesarean sections but not other adverse perinatal outcomes. Crohn's disease and prior surgery may lower the risk for low birth weight.
Area of Science:
- Perinatal Medicine
- Gastroenterology
- Obstetrics
Background:
- Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses chronic conditions like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
- Pregnancy in women with IBD requires careful consideration due to potential maternal and fetal implications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes.
- To identify specific IBD-related factors influencing pregnancy complications.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study comparing 116 singleton pregnancies with IBD to 56,398 singleton controls.
- Data collected on delivery outcomes between 1986 and 2001.
Main Results:
- IBD was linked to increased rates of labor induction, chorioamnionitis, and Cesarean sections.
- No significant differences in overall neonatal outcomes were observed between groups.
- Active IBD flares during pregnancy correlated with higher risks of preterm delivery and low birth weight (LBW).
Conclusions:
- Inflammatory bowel disease is an independent risk factor for Cesarean delivery.
- Adverse perinatal outcomes were not generally increased in pregnancies with IBD.
- Crohn's disease, prior IBD surgery, and quiescent disease were associated with a reduced risk of LBW.
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