Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 23, 2026

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus
06:15

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus

Published on: March 6, 2019

Subcutaneous emphysema of the neck in infancy: under-recognized presentation of child abuse

Padmanabhan Ramnarayan1, Asad Qayyum, Neil Tolley

  • 1Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, St Mary's Hospital, London, UK.

The Journal of Laryngology and Otology
|August 3, 2004
PubMed

Insights

Subcutaneous emphysema of the neck in infants can indicate abuse. Clinicians should thoroughly investigate potential maltreatment when this condition is observed.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Forensic Pathology
  • Medical Case Reports

Background:

  • Infant maltreatment is a serious concern with diverse clinical manifestations.
  • Subcutaneous emphysema, particularly of the neck, is an uncommon finding in abused infants.
  • Pharyngeal perforations are rare but severe injuries associated with physical abuse.

Observation:

  • Two cases of infant neck subcutaneous emphysema linked to physical abuse are detailed.
  • The emphysema presented as a sign of underlying trauma.
  • These findings highlight the importance of recognizing subtle signs of abuse.

Findings:

  • Subcutaneous emphysema of the neck can be a marker for infant abuse.
  • The cases underscore the potential for serious internal injury, such as pharyngeal perforation, in abused infants.
  • Early identification of such injuries is crucial for timely intervention.

Implications:

  • Healthcare providers must maintain a high index of suspicion for abuse when encountering neck subcutaneous emphysema in infants.
  • Thorough clinical examination and careful verification of patient history are essential.
  • Recognizing these rare presentations aids in protecting vulnerable children from further harm.

More Related Videos

Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) Placement in a Neonatal Patient Simulator Using a Non-Inflatable Supraglottic Airway (SGA)04:56

Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) Placement in a Neonatal Patient Simulator Using a Non-Inflatable Supraglottic Airway (SGA)

Published on: July 14, 2023

Related Concept Videos

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema01:23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema

Emphysema, a major phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is characterized by irreversible destruction of alveolar walls and permanent enlargement of distal airspaces. Unlike chronic bronchitis, which primarily affects the airways, emphysema predominantly involves the lung parenchyma, where structural damage leads to airflow limitation.PathophysiologyIt most commonly results from prolonged exposure to cigarette smoke and other toxic gases, particularly cigarette smoke.
Assessment of Airway, Skin Color, and Use of Accessory Muscles01:30

Assessment of Airway, Skin Color, and Use of Accessory Muscles

A thorough assessment of respiratory health is paramount in clinical settings to identify and manage respiratory distress and ensure adequate oxygenation. This article elaborates on the critical aspects of respiratory evaluation, including airway assessment, skin color examination, and the observation of accessory muscle use, which are integral to effectively diagnosing and managing patients with respiratory conditions.
Introduction
The initial evaluation of a patient's respiratory system...
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management01:22

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management

Airway management is a key skill in emergency and critical care settings, as maintaining a clear airway is essential for adequate oxygenation and ventilation.Head Tilt-Chin Lift TechniqueThe head tilt-chin lift maneuver is an essential technique primarily used in patients without suspected cervical spine injuries. To perform this maneuver, one hand is placed on the patient’s forehead, and gentle pressure is applied backward to tilt the head. The fingertips of the other hand are positioned under...
Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction01:22

Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction

Esophageal perforation is a severe medical condition characterized by a breach in the integrity of the esophageal wall. This breach can occur due to various factors such as trauma, medical procedures, or underlying diseases. When the esophageal wall is compromised, it allows food, fluids, and digestive juices into the chest cavity or adjacent structures, leading to potential complications and health risks.
The location of esophageal perforation can vary, occurring anywhere along the esophagus.
Respiratory System Abnormal Finding I: Inspection and Percussion01:30

Respiratory System Abnormal Finding I: Inspection and Percussion

Respiratory system abnormalities are a significant concern in healthcare due to their potential to indicate underlying severe conditions like Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), asthma, and pneumonia. These abnormalities can often be detected through physical examination methods like inspection and percussion.
Inspection Findings
During an inspection, several findings may suggest the presence of respiratory distress or disease. Pursed-lip breathing, where exhalation is slowed by...
Pneumothorax-II01:27

Pneumothorax-II

Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations: