Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 22, 2026

Using Cell-substrate Impedance and Live Cell Imaging to Measure Real-time Changes in Cellular Adhesion and De-adhesion Induced by Matrix Modification
09:11

Using Cell-substrate Impedance and Live Cell Imaging to Measure Real-time Changes in Cellular Adhesion and De-adhesion Induced by Matrix Modification

Published on: February 19, 2015

Oxidized low-density lipoproteins stimulate extracellular matrix metalloproteinase Inducer (EMMPRIN) release by

Cornelia Haug1, Christina Lenz, Fredy Díaz

  • 1Central Department Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Ulm, Robert-Koch-Strasse 8, D-89070 Ulm, Germany. cornelia.haug@medizin.uni-ulm.de.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
|August 21, 2004
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Oxidized LDLs increase soluble EMMPRIN release from smooth muscle cells, promoting matrix degradation. This suggests a cycle where oxidized LDLs drive matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) release and activity in atherosclerosis.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Cellular Biochemistry

Background:

  • Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are implicated in atherogenesis.
  • Extracellular MMP inducer (EMMPRIN) stimulates MMP synthesis and is found in human atheroma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDLs) on EMMPRIN expression in human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (HCA-SMCs).

Main Methods:

  • HCA-SMCs were treated with oxLDLs.
  • EMMPRIN release and cell-associated levels were measured.
  • Western blot analysis was used to assess MMP-1 and MMP-2.
  • Effects of antioxidants, EDTA, and GM6001 were evaluated.

Main Results:

  • OxLDLs significantly increased EMMPRIN release into supernatants and decreased cell-associated EMMPRIN.
  • Antioxidants, EDTA, and GM6001 antagonized these oxLDL effects.
  • MMP-1 and MMP-2 induced shedding of EMMPRIN, and oxLDL upregulated MMP-1 and MMP-2 synthesis.
  • Soluble EMMPRIN from macrophages also increased MMP-1 and MMP-2 synthesis in HCA-SMCs.

Conclusions:

  • OxLDLs stimulate soluble EMMPRIN release via MMP-dependent shedding.
  • This process may create a feedback loop, as soluble EMMPRIN enhances MMP synthesis, contributing to matrix degradation in atherosclerosis.

More Related Videos

Stimulation of Vascular Endothelial Cells Using Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in the Presence of Low-Density Lipoprotein07:26

Stimulation of Vascular Endothelial Cells Using Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in the Presence of Low-Density Lipoprotein

Published on: August 12, 2025

Induction of Atherosclerotic Plaques Through Activation of Mineralocorticoid Receptors in Apolipoprotein E-deficient Mice07:36

Induction of Atherosclerotic Plaques Through Activation of Mineralocorticoid Receptors in Apolipoprotein E-deficient Mice

Published on: September 26, 2018

Related Concept Videos

Role of Matrix Metalloproteases in Degradation of ECM01:23

Role of Matrix Metalloproteases in Degradation of ECM

Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) are enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of proteins and glycoproteins of the extracellular matrix. MMPs are essential for the migration and proliferation of cells through the dense matrix network, throughout embryonic development, and throughout morphogenesis. The first MMP activity discovered was a collagenase in a tadpole's tail undergoing metamorphosis. The active collagen deposition and modifications lead to the morphogenesis of tadpoles into the adult body.
A...
Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
The Extracellular Matrix01:29

The Extracellular Matrix

Overview
In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.
Composition of the Extracellular Matrix
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is commonly composed of ground substance, a gel-like fluid, fibrous components, and many structurally and functionally diverse...
The Extracellular Matrix01:42

The Extracellular Matrix

In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.Composition of the Extracellular MatrixThe extracellular matrix (ECM) is commonly composed of ground substance, a gel-like fluid, fibrous components, and many structurally and functionally diverse molecules.
Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
Extracellular Matrix01:26

Extracellular Matrix

Unlike epithelial tissue, which is composed of cells closely packed with little or no extracellular space in between, connective tissue cells are dispersed in a matrix. This extracellular matrix (ECM) is composed of fibrous proteins like collagen, elastin, and fibronectin in a ground substance consisting of interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins, and proteoglycans. The proteoglycans form a gel-like material in the spaces between cells and provide hydration, buffering, binding, and force...