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Related Concept Videos

Magnetic Fields01:27

Magnetic Fields

7.4K
A moving charge or a current creates a magnetic field in the surrounding space, in addition to its electric field. The magnetic field exerts a force on any other moving charge or current that is present in the field. Like an electric field, the magnetic field is also a vector field. At any position, the direction of the magnetic field is defined as the direction in which the north pole of a compass needle points.
A magnetic field is defined by the force that a charged particle experiences...
7.4K
Magnetic Field of a Solenoid01:18

Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

6.0K
A solenoid is a conducting wire coated with an insulating material, wound tightly in the form of a helical coil. The magnetic field due to a solenoid is the vector sum of the magnetic fields due to its individual turns. Therefore, for an ideal solenoid, the magnetic field within the solenoid is directly proportional to the number of turns per unit length and the current. Conversely, the magnetic field outside the solenoid is zero.
Consider a solenoid with 100 turns wrapped around a cylinder of...
6.0K
Magnetic Field Lines01:19

Magnetic Field Lines

5.8K
The representation of magnetic fields by magnetic field lines is very useful in visualizing the strength and direction of the magnetic field. Each of the magnetic field lines forms a closed loop. The field lines emerge from the north pole (N), loop around to the south pole (S), and continue through the bar magnet back to the north pole.
Magnetic field lines follow several hard-and-fast rules:
5.8K
Energy In A Magnetic Field01:24

Energy In A Magnetic Field

2.8K
If a magnetic field is sustained, there must be a current in a closed circuit or loop, implying some energy has been spent in creating the field. If this energy is not dissipated via the circuit's resistance, it is stored in the field.
Take an ideal inductor with zero resistance. Although it's practically impossible, assume that the coil's resistance is so small that it is practically negligible. The loss of the field's energy to dissipate thermal energy (or heat) is thus...
2.8K
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR): Overview01:07

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR): Overview

7.0K
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a phenomenon exhibited by certain nuclei that can absorb characteristic radio frequency radiation under certain conditions. NMR has been extensively applied in molecular spectroscopy and medical diagnostic imaging. In both these applications, the molecule or subject under study is placed in a magnetic field and irradiated with radio frequency energy.
NMR spectroscopy generates a spectrum where the characteristic absorption frequencies of the sample are...
7.0K
Magnetic Field Of A Current Loop01:16

Magnetic Field Of A Current Loop

6.4K
Consider a circular loop with a radius a, that carries a current I. The magnetic field due to the current at an arbitrary point P along the axis of the loop can be calculated using the Biot-Savart law.
6.4K

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Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Structural and Dynamic Aspects of Glycan Molecular Recognition
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SQUID detected NMR in microtesla magnetic fields.

Andrei N Matlachov1, Petr L Volegov, Michelle A Espy

  • 1Los Alamos National Laboratory, Biophysics Group, MS D454, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.

Journal of Magnetic Resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)
|August 25, 2004
PubMed
Summary

A novel Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) system using a SQUID detector achieves high-quality spectra and images at ultra-low fields. This open-geometry system enables room-temperature measurements of diverse samples, including living tissues.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Conventional Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) systems often require high magnetic fields and cryogenic temperatures, limiting sample types and accessibility.
  • Susceptibility artifacts and line width broadening are significant challenges in traditional NMR, necessitating complex field homogenization techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate an ultra-low field NMR system utilizing a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) detector.
  • To showcase the system's capability for room-temperature, open-geometry measurements with reduced artifacts and improved accessibility.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of an NMR system with a SQUID detector operating at 2-25 microTesla (µT) measurement fields.
  • Employment of a pre-polarizing field (4-30 mT) generated by room-temperature coils, switched off during measurement.
  • Open-geometry design allowing samples outside the cryostat, accommodating various sample sizes and types.

Main Results:

  • Acquisition of 1H NMR spectra from water, mineral oil, and a live frog.
  • Generation of gradient-encoded Free Induction Decay (FID) data from a water-plastic phantom, enabling simple projection image reconstruction.
  • Successful acquisition of NMR signals from samples within metallic containers due to increased skin depth at low frequencies.

Conclusions:

  • Ultra-low field NMR with SQUID detection offers a viable alternative to conventional methods, overcoming limitations of sample size and environment.
  • The system's open geometry and room-temperature operation facilitate measurements on diverse and living samples.
  • Reduced susceptibility artifacts and line width broadening are key advantages, simplifying experimental requirements and expanding NMR applications.