Littoral cell angioma of the spleen

Littoral cell angioma is a recently described vascular tumour of the spleen with an unknown aetiology.

We present a case of a 36-year-old lady who had a successful living-related renal transplantation 13 years ago. On follow-up, she was investigated for pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO) and was found to have a large solitary hypodense splenic lesion.

Splenectomy was carried out because an underlying infective or neoplastic cause for this patient on long-term immunosuppression could not be excluded. The operation and subsequent clinical course was uneventful and the patient's fever settled postoperatively. The histological and immunohistochemical features of the tumour were consistent with a littoral cell angioma.

Littoral cell angioma is a vascular tumour of the spleen. This case illustrates that it can be a cause of PUO and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of splenic hypodense lesions.