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Related Experiment Videos

The transition from memory retrieval to extinction.

Martín Cammarota1, Daniela M Barros, Mónica R M Vianna

  • 1Centro de Memória, ICS, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.

Anais Da Academia Brasileira De Ciencias
|August 31, 2004
PubMed
Summary

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Retrieval of fear memory, measured by stepping down from a safe platform, triggers extinction. Inhibiting molecular systems like PKA or ERK during this retrieval process hinders extinction, suggesting it

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Science
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Memory retrieval is often initiated by conditioned stimuli (CS).
  • Unreinforced CS presentation leads to extinction, a process where the conditioned response diminishes.
  • One-trial avoidance (IA) is a fear conditioning paradigm using a safe CS and a footshock US.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying extinction in the one-trial avoidance (IA) paradigm.
  • To determine if retrieval is necessary for extinction and explore the role of specific molecular pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the one-trial avoidance (IA) fear conditioning model in rodents.
  • Measured retrieval by assessing latency to step-down from a safe platform without the unconditioned stimulus (US).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Administered pharmacological agents (PKA, ERK, protein synthesis inhibitors, NMDA receptor antagonists) to the hippocampus and basolateral amygdala during the first unreinforced test session.

    • Main Results:

    • Extinction of the conditioned fear response was observed during the first unreinforced test session.
    • Inhibition of PKA, ERK, protein synthesis, and NMDA receptors in the hippocampus or basolateral amygdala during the initial test session significantly hindered extinction.
    • These molecular systems, while partially activated by retrieval, are specifically required for extinction generation, not just retrieval itself.

    Conclusions:

    • Retrieval of the fear memory trace is behaviorally and biochemically essential for initiating extinction.
    • Extinction is a distinct learning process that occurs secondary to the unreinforced expression of the original memory trace.
    • Specific molecular pathways in the hippocampus and basolateral amygdala are critical for the consolidation of extinction memory.