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Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Experimental Manipulation of Body Size to Estimate Morphological Scaling Relationships in Drosophila
06:00

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Published on: October 1, 2011

Early development of scaling ability.

Marina Vasilyeva1, Janellen Huttenlocher

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. m-vasilyeva@uchicago.edu

Developmental Psychology
|September 10, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Preschoolers demonstrate early map-reading skills, with 5-year-olds showing strong abilities in using map scale. Performance decreased with larger spaces, suggesting challenges in scaling for young children.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Development
  • Spatial Reasoning
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Children's understanding of scale is crucial for map interpretation.
  • Previous research indicates preschoolers can grasp one-dimensional scaling.
  • The ability to apply scaling to two-dimensional maps remains less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if early scaling abilities extend to two-dimensional map tasks.
  • To assess children's performance on mapping tasks with varying referent space sizes.
  • To explore the underlying mechanisms of early scaling competence.

Main Methods:

  • Children aged 4 and 5 were tested on their ability to use map distance information.
  • Tasks involved locating objects in two-dimensional spatial layouts based on maps.

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  • Performance was compared across different referent space sizes and a non-mapping control task.

    • Main Results:

    • Approximately 60% of 4-year-olds and 90% of 5-year-olds successfully used map distance to locate objects.
    • Children encountered greater difficulties with larger referent spaces.
    • Accuracy decline in mapping tasks was more pronounced than in non-mapping tasks as space size increased.

    Conclusions:

    • Early scaling abilities are present in preschoolers and extend to two-dimensional map tasks.
    • The size of the referent space significantly impacts children's mapping performance.
    • Findings offer insights into the developmental trajectory of spatial scaling mechanisms in early childhood.