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Change in object naming ability during adulthood.

Lisa Tabor Connor1, Avron Spiro, Loraine K Obler

  • 1Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Box 8225, 4525 Scott Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. lconnor@npg.wustl.edu

The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences
|September 11, 2004
PubMed
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Lexical retrieval, or word finding, declines with age, with women having less education showing the poorest performance. Longitudinal analysis provides more accurate insights into age-related changes than cross-sectional studies.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Lexical retrieval is crucial for effective communication.
  • Understanding age-related changes in word finding is important for cognitive health.
  • Previous studies have yielded mixed results on aging and lexical retrieval.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine age, gender, and education effects on lexical retrieval using longitudinal data.
  • To compare random-effects longitudinal models with traditional cross-sectional models.
  • To identify interactions between age, gender, and education in word-finding abilities.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 20-year longitudinal data from the Boston Naming Test (BNT) on healthy adults (30-94 years).
  • Employed random-effects longitudinal modeling.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Compared longitudinal findings with cross-sectional analyses.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant linear and quadratic age-related decline in lexical retrieval was observed.
    • A significant Gender x Education interaction indicated that women with less education performed poorest.
    • Longitudinal models revealed smaller age-related changes compared to cross-sectional models.

    Conclusions:

    • Lexical retrieval undergoes significant age-related changes, characterized by both linear and quadratic declines.
    • Socioeconomic factors like education interact with gender, impacting word-finding abilities.
    • Random-effects longitudinal modeling offers a more accurate representation of cognitive aging than cross-sectional designs.