[Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo]

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is the most common vestibular disorder, accounting for about 20% of referrals in specialized dizziness clinics. Nowadays, canalolithiasis of the posterior semicircular canal has been widely accepted as the biological basis for typical benign paroxysmal positional vertigo as it is compatible with all clinical features of the disorder. Better understanding of its pathophysiological concepts has led to specific therapeutic strategies, which aim to clear the affected semicircular canal from mobile particles. After a single maneuver both Epley's and Semont's procedures lead to complete recovery in about 60% of patients and in nearly 100% when performed repeatedly. These positioning maneuvers have made benign paroxysmal positional vertigo the most successfully treatable cause of vertigo.