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Characterization and crystal structure of D-mannitol hemihydrate
Cletus Nunes1, Raj Suryanarayanan, Cristian E Botez
1Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, 308 Harvard Street S.E., Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
|September 16, 2004
Summary
Researchers isolated and characterized mannitol hydrate, revealing its hemihydrate form (C(6)H(14)O(6) . 0.5H(2)O). The crystal structure was solved using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction, showing a unique hydrogen bonding pattern.
Area of Science:
- Crystallography
- Materials Science
- Chemical Physics
Background:
- Mannitol is a sugar alcohol with various applications.
- Understanding different polymorphic forms and hydrates is crucial for material properties.
- Previous studies have characterized anhydrous forms of mannitol.
Purpose of the Study:
- To isolate and characterize mannitol hydrate.
- To determine the crystal structure of mannitol hydrate.
- To compare the hydrogen bonding in mannitol hydrate with its anhydrous polymorphs.
Main Methods:
- Preparation of mannitol hydrate via freeze-drying of aqueous solutions.
- Characterization using X-ray powder diffractometry, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis.
- Crystal structure solution and refinement using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data and Rietveld analysis.
Main Results:
- Mannitol hydrate was identified as a hemihydrate (C(6)H(14)O(6) . 0.5H(2)O).
- The crystal structure was solved in space group P1.
- The unit cell contains two unique D-mannitol molecules and one water molecule.
- A novel hydrogen bonding network was observed, differing from anhydrous forms.
Conclusions:
- Mannitol can form a stable hemihydrate under specific preparation conditions.
- The determined crystal structure provides insights into the solid-state behavior of mannitol hydrates.
- The unique hydrogen bonding pattern may influence the physical and chemical properties of mannitol hydrate.