Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 22, 2026

Virtual Agent for Real-Time Motivational Interviewing by Integrating Adaptive Nonverbal Behavior and Language Models
Published on: December 23, 2025
Searching information with a natural language dialogue system: a comparison of spoken vs. written modalities
Ludovic Le Bigot1, Eric Jamet, Jean-François Rouet
1France Telecom Research and Development, 2 Avenue Pierre Marzin, 22307 Lannion Cedex. ludovic.lebigot@francetelecom.com
Abstract:
This paper examines the effects of spoken vs. written dialogue modalities on the effectiveness of information search with a computerized retrieval system. Forty-eight adults familiar with the use of computers were asked to carry out six information retrieval tasks, engaging with the system using either spoken or written communication. The written modality was more efficient with regard to the number of dialogue turns, length of interaction with the system and mental workload. Even though the turns lasted longer in the written mode, they appeared to yield less mental workload. Moreover, spoken and written dialogues did not differ as regards the use of pronouns and articles. The implications for the development of natural-language dialogue systems are discussed.
Related Concept Videos
Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
Language and Cognition
Components of Language
SBAR II: Application of SBAR
SBAR Report from a Nurse to a Health Care Provider
S: "Hello, Dr. Smith. This is Jane, RN, from the Med Surg unit. I am calling to tell you about Ms. White in Room 210, who is experiencing increased pain and redness at her incision site. Her recent...
Naturalistic Observations
Language Development
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...