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Updated: Aug 12, 2026

Non-invasive Assessment of the Efficacy of New Therapeutics for Intestinal Pathologies Using Serial Endoscopic Imaging of Live Mice
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Targeting cyclooxygenase-2 with sodium butyrate and NSAIDs on colorectal adenoma/carcinoma cells

Zhi-Hong Zhang1, Qin Ouyang, Hua-Tian Gan

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, First Hospital, Western China University of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China. zhang-821@21cn.com

World Journal of Gastroenterology
|September 21, 2004
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Sodium butyrate and NSAIDs inhibit colorectal cancer cell proliferation and induce apoptosis. NSAIDs enhance butyrate's effects by down-regulating COX-2, with selective COX-2 inhibitors showing superior efficacy.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Sodium butyrate and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) show potential in cancer chemoprevention.
  • NSAIDs, particularly selective COX-2 inhibitors, are of significant interest for their anti-cancer properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of sodium butyrate and NSAIDs on colorectal adenoma cell proliferation and apoptosis.
  • To determine if NSAIDs enhance sodium butyrate's effects and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro studies using primary colorectal adenoma cells and HT-29 cell line.
  • ELISA for PGE2 quantification, MTT assay for proliferation, FCM for apoptosis and cell cycle analysis, and electromicroscopy for cell morphology.
  • Investigated the impact of sodium butyrate and various NSAIDs, including selective COX-2 inhibitors.

Main Results:

  • Sodium butyrate stimulated PGE2 secretion, while NSAIDs inhibited it.
  • Both agents demonstrated dose- and time-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis.
  • NSAIDs, especially NS-398, potentiated the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of sodium butyrate.

Conclusions:

  • Sodium butyrate and NSAIDs effectively inhibit colorectal cancer cell proliferation and induce apoptosis.
  • NSAIDs enhance sodium butyrate's efficacy through COX-2 down-regulation.
  • Selective COX-2 inhibitors offer greater therapeutic potential compared to traditional NSAIDs.

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