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Related Experiment Videos

Genome-wide high-throughput screens in functional genomics.

Adam Friedman1, Norbert Perrimon

  • 1Department of Genetics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachussets 02115, USA.

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development
|September 24, 2004
PubMed
Summary

High-throughput genome-wide screens are advancing rapidly across model organisms like yeast, worms, flies, and mammals to identify gene functions. These functional genetic screens will soon annotate most genes, enhancing our understanding of cellular networks.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Functional Genomics
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • Complete genome sequences enable high-throughput, genome-wide screens for gene function.
  • Significant progress has been made in model systems including yeast, worms, flies, and mammals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in large-scale functional genetic screens.
  • To discuss the future impact of these screens on gene function annotation and understanding cellular networks.

Main Methods:

  • Yeast genome-wide screens utilize deletion strain libraries.
  • RNA-interference (RNAi) is employed in other organisms for gene knockdown.
  • Examples include drug-target identification, fat accumulation regulators, growth/viability studies, and proteasome-mediated degradation.

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Main Results:

  • Rapid advances in high-throughput functional genetic screens across major model organisms.
  • Successful application of screens for diverse biological questions, from drug targets to cellular processes.

Conclusions:

  • Functional genetic screens are poised to annotate the function of most genes across multiple organisms within five years.
  • Integration of screening data with other genomic approaches will deepen our understanding of complex cellular networks.