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Updated: Aug 22, 2026

A Tripeptide-Stabilized Nanoemulsion of Oleic Acid
Published on: February 27, 2019
Peptide self-aggregation and peptide complementarity as bases for the evolution of peptide receptors: a review
1Department of Physiology, 2174 Biomedical and Physical Sciences Building, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA. rootbern@msu.edu
Abstract:
This paper reviews the three major theories of peptide receptor evolution: (1) Dwyer's theory that peptide receptors evolved from self-aggregating peptides; (2) Root-Bernstein's theory that peptide receptors evolved from functionally and structurally complementary peptides; and (3) Blalock's theory that receptors evolved from hydropathically complementary sequences encoded in the antisense strand of the DNA encoding each peptide. The evidence to date suggests that the co-yevolution of peptides and their receptors is strongly constrained by one or more of these physicochemically based mechanisms, which argues against a random or frozen accident' model. The data also suggest that structure and function are integrally related from the earliest steps of receptor-ligand evolution so that peptide functionality is non-random and highly conserved in its origin. The result is a molecular paleontology' that reveals the evolutionary constraints that shaped the interaction of structure and function.
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