[Kala-azar. Is it possible to treat it with aminoglucosides?]

We report the case of a 13 month old male infant with visceral leishmanisis. The clinical picture was suggestive of kala-azar, but a bone marrow aspirate was negative, so treatment was not started. During the course of the process an urinary infection was documented and therapy with aminoglycosides was begun. At this time we observed that hepato--and spleno--megaly diminished and then disappeared and clinical manifestations improved. We later received a positive serology for Leishmania donovani. We review the medical literature in respect to this therapeutic possibility.