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Related Experiment Videos

Multiple explanations for multiply quantified sentences: are multiple models necessary?

S B Greene1

  • 1Stanford University.

Psychological Review
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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This study challenges the mental model theory of deductive reasoning for multiply quantified sentences. Findings suggest alternative explanations and highlight comprehension difficulties with quantifier order.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Human Reasoning

Background:

  • The mental model theory explains deductive reasoning with multiply quantified premises.
  • This theory posits that reasoning difficulty correlates with the number of mental models required.
  • Prior research supported this theory with empirical data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate the Johnson-Laird, Byrne, and Tabossi (1989) theory of mental models for deductive reasoning.
  • To investigate alternative explanations for findings related to multiply quantified sentences.
  • To examine the impact of quantifier order on sentence comprehension and ambiguity.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of existing data supporting the mental model theory.
  • Experimental or theoretical examination of alternative explanations for reasoning phenomena.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Investigation into the comprehension and ambiguity of sentences with reversed quantifier order.

    • Main Results:

    • Major results supporting the mental model theory can be explained without invoking mental models or deductive reasoning.
    • Reversing quantifier order in multiply quantified sentences can increase comprehension difficulty and ambiguity.
    • The number of mental models may not be the sole determinant of reasoning difficulty.

    Conclusions:

    • The mental model theory may not be necessary to explain deductive reasoning with multiply quantified premises.
    • Sentence structure, particularly quantifier order, significantly impacts understanding and interpretation.
    • Further research is needed to refine theories of how humans process complex quantified language.