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[Envelope capture by retroviruses].

Felix J Kim1, Nicolas Manel, Jean-Luc Battini

  • 1Institut de Génétique moléculaire de Montpellier (IGMM), CNRS-UMR5535, IFR122 et Université de Montpellier II, 1919, route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier 05, France. kim@mskcc.org

Medecine Sciences : M/S
|October 6, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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Retrotransposons drive genome evolution. This study reviews how retroviruses acquire envelope glycoproteins (Env), explaining conserved env genes and aiding retroviral phylogeny and pathogenesis research.

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Context:

  • Retroelement transposition is a key driver of genome evolution and diversity.
  • Retroviruses exhibit unique "transposition" that spreads between cells and organisms.
  • Acquisition of an envelope glycoprotein (Env) is critical for retrotransposable elements to become infectious retroviruses.

Purpose:

  • To review examples of envelope "capture" by mammalian retroviruses.
  • To present evidence for Env acquisition mechanisms in Human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV).
  • To explore the implications of Env capture for retroviral evolution and phylogeny.

Summary:

  • This review examines the phenomenon of envelope "capture" in mammalian retroviruses, where retrotransposable elements acquire envelope glycoproteins (Env).

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  • Evidence is presented for such a mechanism involving Human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV).
  • This process is proposed as an explanation for the conserved nature of env genes across diverse and phylogenetically distant retroviruses.

    • Impact:

    • Understanding Env capture can clarify retroviral phylogeny and evolutionary relationships.
    • Elucidating these recombination processes may enhance our understanding of retroviral pathogenesis.
    • The identification of novel retroelements could be facilitated by studying these mechanisms.