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The linguistic basis of left hemisphere specialization
D P Corina1, J Vaid, U Bellugi
1Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037.
The left hemisphere of the brain specializes in language functions. This study compared spoken, signed, and gestural language processing in deaf and hearing individuals, supporting a linguistic basis for this brain lateralization.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Linguistics
- Cognitive Science
Background:
- Human brain hemispheres exhibit functional specialization, with the left hemisphere typically dominant for language.
- The underlying reasons for this lateralization are debated, including linguistic, motoric, or symbolic properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the basis of left hemisphere language specialization.
- To differentiate between linguistic, motoric, and symbolic explanations for brain lateralization.
Main Methods:
- Comparative analysis of language processing in deaf and hearing individuals.
- Examination of spoken language, signed language, and nonlinguistic gesture lateralization.
Main Results:
- Findings support a linguistic basis for left hemisphere specialization.
- Lateralization patterns were consistent across different language modalities and participant groups.
Conclusions:
- Left hemisphere dominance in language is primarily due to linguistic properties.
- This specialization is fundamental to human language processing, irrespective of modality.
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