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Proteomics in diagnostic pathology: profiling and imaging proteins directly in tissue sections
Pierre Chaurand1, Melinda E Sanders, Roy A Jensen
1Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN, 37232-8575, USA.
The American Journal of Pathology
|October 7, 2004
Summary
Direct tissue profiling using imaging mass spectrometry (MS) visualizes protein distribution in diseased tissues. This proteomic data aids in assessing disease progression, prognosis, and drug efficacy.
Area of Science:
- Proteomics
- Molecular Pathology
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Direct tissue profiling and imaging mass spectrometry (MS) offer molecular assessment of proteins within tissue samples.
- Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) MS analysis visualizes 500-1000 protein signals (2,000-200,000 Da) in tissue sections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the state-of-the-art of imaging mass spectrometry technology.
- To highlight the complementarity of imaging MS with traditional histopathological analyses.
- To discuss the application of imaging MS in disease phenotyping.
Main Methods:
- Direct tissue profiling and imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI MS) were employed.
- Analysis of thin tissue sections to visualize protein signals and their distribution.
- Construction of ion density maps and molecular images for detected signals.
Main Results:
- Hundreds of molecular images can be generated for each tissue section.
- Application of profiling and imaging MS to human non-small cell lung tumors, gliomas, and breast tumors.
- Biocomputational analysis identified disease-state and patient-prognosis specific protein patterns.
Conclusions:
- Proteomic information from imaging MS is crucial for assessing disease progression, prognosis, and drug efficacy.
- Imaging MS provides a new dimension of molecular data, focusing on disease phenotype.
- This technology complements traditional histopathological analyses in pathology.