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Mechanical strain on the human skull in a humanoid robotic model
Toshiro Usui1, Koutaro Maki, Yasuhiro Toki
1Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
Summary
This study analyzed human mandible strain using a robotic system simulating muscle forces. Higher forces caused significant tensile and compressive strains, particularly in the ramus, suggesting potential distortion under extreme loading.
Area of Science:
- Biomechanics
- Human Anatomy
- Orthodontics
Background:
- Understanding mandibular biomechanics is crucial for diagnosing and treating craniofacial abnormalities.
- Previous studies have focused on specific muscle groups or loading conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze strain patterns on the human mandible under simulated bilateral muscle loading.
- To investigate the effects of varying muscle traction forces on mandibular strain distribution.
Main Methods:
- A robotic system simulated eight bilateral muscles acting on a dry human mandible.
- Muscle tractions were increased incrementally (1x to 4x) with forces ranging from 3-5 N.
- Strain patterns were measured at 15 regions on the lateral and medial surfaces of the mandible.
- Bite forces were measured, reaching a maximum of 40 N.
Main Results:
- Low traction levels (1x) produced minimal strain.
- Compressive strains increased on the medial side beneath molars at 2x traction.
- Significant tensile and compressive strains developed throughout the mandible, especially in the ramus, at 3x-4x traction.
- Higher loads induced disparities between compressive and tensile strains, suggesting visible distortion.
Conclusions:
- Simulated muscle forces significantly influence mandibular strain distribution.
- The mandible experiences substantial tensile and compressive forces, particularly in the ramus, under higher loading conditions.
- These findings provide insights into the structural response of the mandible to functional loads.