Low-dose proton beam therapy for circumscribed choroidal hemangiomas

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Radiation Oncology
• Medical Physics

Background:

• Choroidal hemangiomas can cause significant vision impairment due to associated serous retinal detachment.
• Effective treatment options for these tumors are crucial for preserving visual function.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the efficacy and safety of proton beam therapy (PBT) for complicated circumscribed choroidal hemangiomas.
• To determine optimal PBT dosage and fractionation for tumor control and visual recovery.

Main Methods:

• A retrospective study of 17 patients with choroidal hemangioma and serous retinal detachment treated with PBT.
• A total dose of 20 cobalt gray equivalents (CGEs) was delivered in 4 daily fractions.
• Functional and imaging tests, including visual acuity, angiography, and ultrasonography, were used for evaluation.

Main Results:

• Complete retinal reattachment was achieved in all patients within a mean of 2 months.
• Tumor regression was observed in all cases, with one recurrence successfully retreated.
• Final visual acuity improved by at least 2 Snellen lines in 94% of patients.
• No radiation therapy complications were noted during the follow-up period.

Conclusions:

• Proton beam therapy is a safe and effective treatment for circumscribed choroidal hemangiomas.
• A total dose of 20 CGEs in 4 fractions appears adequate for local tumor control and resolution of serous retinal detachment.