Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 9, 2026
06:49
Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering of GdBa2Cu3O7−δ/ La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 Quasi-bilayer Films on SrTiO3 (STO) Single-crystal Substrates
Published on: April 12, 2019
Ferromagnetism in one-dimensional vanadium-benzene sandwich clusters
Ken Miyajima1, Atsushi Nakajima, Satoshi Yabushita
1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|October 14, 2004
Summary
New vanadium-benzene organometallic complexes were synthesized and studied. Their magnetic moments increase with vanadium content, indicating ferromagnetic coupling and potential as one-dimensional molecular magnets.
Area of Science:
- Organometallic Chemistry
- Materials Science
- Magnetism
Background:
- Vanadium-benzene complexes are of interest for their electronic and magnetic properties.
- Understanding the magnetic behavior of transition metal clusters is crucial for developing new magnetic materials.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize and characterize multilayer vanadium-benzene organometallic complexes (Vn(C6H6)m).
- To investigate the magnetic moments and coupling behavior of these complexes.
- To explore their potential as one-dimensional molecular magnets.
Main Methods:
- Laser vaporization synthesis was used to produce a molecular beam of Vn(C6H6)m complexes.
- A molecular beam magnetic deflection technique was employed to measure the magnetic moments.
Main Results:
- The magnetic moments of the vanadium-benzene complexes were observed to increase with the number of vanadium atoms (n).
- This increase suggests ferromagnetic coupling of unpaired electrons, localized on the vanadium dsigma orbitals.
- The studied sandwich species exhibit characteristics of one-dimensional molecular magnets.
Conclusions:
- Vanadium-benzene organometallic complexes represent a novel class of one-dimensional molecular magnets.
- The ferromagnetic coupling in these zerovalent transition metal systems opens new avenues for molecular magnetism research.
Related Concept Videos
02:42Valence Bond Theory
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
03:02Colors and Magnetism
Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
01:27π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview
An applied magnetic field causes loosely bound π-electrons in organic molecules to circulate, producing a local or induced diamagnetic field over a large spatial volume. As the molecules tumble in solution, the field generated by π-electrons in spherical substituents results in a zero net field. However, the net field generated by π-electrons in non-spherical substituents is not zero. The effect of this induced field depends on the orientation of the molecule with respect to B0, resulting in...
01:26Diamagnetism
Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets.
01:31Ferromagnetism
Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
01:30Paramagnetism
Paramagnets are materials with unpaired electrons that possess a finite magnetic moment. In the absence of a magnetic field, these moments are randomly oriented, and thus the net moment is zero. Under an external field, a torque acting on the moments tends to align them along the field's direction. However, the random thermal motion of electrons produces a torque opposite to the external field and tries to disorient the moments. These two competing effects align only a few moments along the...