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Updated: Aug 21, 2026

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Published on: September 5, 2012
Life-threatening isopropyl alcohol intoxication: is hemodialysis really necessary?
J C Trullas1, S Aguilo, P Castro
1Intensive Care Unit. Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Carrer Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
Abstract:
Isopropyl alcohol (IPA) is widely used in industrial and home-cleaning products, easily available to general public and inexpensive: intoxications can occur unintentionally, in suicide attempts or by alcohol abusers as a substitute for ethanol. Symptoms involve the gastrointestinal tract, central nervous system and at high doses cardiovascular manifestations may appear. Ketonemia, ketonuria without hyperglicemia or acidosis and elevated osmol gap are common laboratory findings. Mortality and morbidity is low, but some fatal cases have been reported in patients in deep coma and especially those with hypotension. We present a life-threatening intoxication, with deep coma and hypotension, treated successfully with hemodialysis. Whether hemodialysis must always be performed is a controversial question. Our opinion is hemodialysis is not needed, even in life-threatening situations. Arguments about this opinion are presented.
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Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
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