Cooling effects and comfort of four cooling blanket temperatures in humans with fever

Adult patients with fever (N = 89) were randomized into four blanket temperature groups: 7.2, 12.8, 18.3, and 23.9 degrees C. With their extremities protected, subjects were given acetaminophen and placed between two cooling blankets. There were no differences in the mean time (in minutes) to cool to a body temperature of 38.9 degrees C among groups. Although there were no differences in mean time for shivering, a trend of less shivering was apparent with warmer blanket temperatures. Few patients shivered (n = 17). There were no differences in the mean time (in minutes) for afterfall among the groups. The mean amount of afterfall for the 7.2 degrees C group (1.04 degrees C, SD = 0.50) was significantly greater than the 23.9 degrees C group (0.68 degrees C, SD = 0.47). Comfort scores significantly improved with warmer blanket temperatures. Thus, warmer blanket temperatures provided similar rates of cooling as the colder temperatures, yet were perceived to be more comfortable by the patient.