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Addicted to driving under the influence--a GHB/GBL case report
Fiona J Couper1, Barry K Logan
1Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, 1910 Massachusetts Avenue SE, Washington, D.C. 20003, USA. fiona.couper@dc.gov
Journal of Analytical Toxicology
|November 2, 2004
Summary
This study found high blood concentrations of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) in a driver arrested multiple times for drug-impaired driving. GHB was the sole drug identified in most cases, highlighting its role in severe impairment.
Area of Science:
- Forensic Toxicology
- Pharmacology
- Drug Abuse Research
Background:
- Driving under the influence (DUI) of drugs poses a significant public safety risk.
- Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is a central nervous system depressant known for its potential for abuse.
Observation:
- A single individual was arrested seven times within eight months for drug-impaired driving.
- Blood samples consistently detected gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) as the causative agent in all incidents.
- Clinical signs of impairment ranged from erratic driving and disorientation to somnolence and unconsciousness.
Findings:
- Blood GHB concentrations in the arrested individual ranged from 44 to 184 mg/L (mean 100 mg/L).
- Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry confirmed GHB presence, with analysis performed 1.5–2.5 hours post-arrest.
- The subject reported addiction to GHB and gamma-butyrolactone (GBL), and multiple hospitalizations for intoxication.
Implications:
- This case highlights GHB as a significant factor in recurrent drug-impaired driving incidents.
- Accurate and timely toxicological analysis is crucial for identifying GHB in DUI cases.
- Understanding GHB's pharmacokinetic profile is essential for forensic interpretation and clinical management.