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The electroencephalogram in sepsis-associated encephalopathy.

G B Young1, C F Bolton, Y M Archibald

  • 1Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.

Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a sensitive tool for detecting septic encephalopathy, a brain dysfunction caused by sepsis. EEG findings correlate with disease severity and mortality, aiding in intensive care monitoring.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Septic encephalopathy is a common complication of sepsis, characterized by altered mental status.
  • Clinical assessment of septic encephalopathy can be challenging, necessitating objective measures of brain dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define the electroencephalography (EEG) patterns and clinical features of septic encephalopathy.
  • To evaluate the sensitivity of EEG compared to clinical criteria for diagnosing encephalopathy in sepsis.
  • To correlate EEG findings with clinical severity and patient mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Studied 62 patients with positive blood cultures and sepsis.
  • Classified patients into nonencephalopathic (NE), mildly encephalopathic (ME), and severely encephalopathic (SE) groups.

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  • Categorized EEGs into five severity-based groups: normal, excessive theta, predominant delta, triphasic waves, and suppression/burst suppression.

    • Main Results:

    • EEG was more sensitive than clinical criteria for detecting encephalopathy.
    • EEG patterns indicated potentially reversible brain dysfunction when combined with clinical and laboratory data.
    • EEG categories correlated with mortality rates, even within specific clinical groups.

    Conclusions:

    • EEG is a sensitive indicator of brain function in septic encephalopathy.
    • EEG provides valuable, objective data for monitoring patients with sepsis in intensive care settings.
    • Defined EEG categories offer prognostic information regarding mortality risk.