Minimally invasive total knee replacement through a mini midvastus approach: a comparative study

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Minimally Invasive Procedures
• Total Knee Replacement

Background:

• Standard total knee replacement (TKR) techniques can involve extensive tissue dissection.
• Faster patient recovery and improved range of motion are desirable outcomes in TKR.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of a minimally invasive approach for total knee replacement.
• To compare functional recovery and range of motion between minimally invasive TKR and standard TKR.

Main Methods:

• A modified midvastus approach with patellar subluxation (no eversion) was used in 40 minimally invasive TKR patients.
• Results were compared to an age- and sex-matched control group using a standard TKR technique.
• Both groups received a posterior-stabilized Genesis II knee prosthesis.

Main Results:

• Minimally invasive TKR patients demonstrated significantly faster motion achievement.
• Mean flexion at 12 weeks was 122° for minimally invasive TKR vs. 110° for standard TKR.
• One-year postoperative range of motion averaged 125° (minimally invasive) vs. 116° (standard), with higher Knee Society scores for the minimally invasive group.

Conclusions:

• The modified midvastus approach for minimally invasive TKR promotes quicker functional recovery and enhanced range of motion.
• This technique achieves superior outcomes without compromising implant alignment or leading to complications.
• Minimally invasive TKR is a viable alternative for improved patient outcomes.