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Related Experiment Videos

Fel d 4, a cat lipocalin allergen.

W Smith1, A J L Butler, L A Hazell

  • 1Telethon Institute for Child Health Research and Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, West Perth, WA, Australia. wendy@ichr.uwa.edu.au

Clinical and Experimental Allergy : Journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|November 17, 2004
PubMed
Summary

A newly identified cat allergen, Fel d 4, is a lipocalin that frequently binds IgE in cat-allergic individuals. This finding advances understanding of cat allergy and offers a new diagnostic tool.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergology
  • Protein Biochemistry

Background:

  • Cat allergy is primarily associated with Fel d 1, a uteroglobin-like protein, leaving the role of other allergens like lipocalins unclear.
  • The full spectrum of allergens responsible for cat sensitization in allergic individuals remains to be fully elucidated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To molecularly and immunologically characterize a novel lipocalin allergen from cats.
  • To investigate the prevalence and significance of IgE reactivity to this lipocalin in cat-allergic patients.

Main Methods:

  • Construction and screening of a submandibular salivary gland cDNA expression library.
  • Isolation and analysis of IgE-binding polypeptides, including a lipocalin allergen (Fel d 4) and its recombinant form.
  • Immunological assays to assess IgE binding and cross-reactivity.

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Main Results:

  • Identification of Fel d 4, a lipocalin allergen with high sequence identity to known lipocalins, and its recombinant form.
  • Detection of IgE antibodies to Fel d 4 in 62.96% of cat-allergic subjects, with titres sometimes exceeding those for Fel d 1.
  • Demonstration of IgE binding inhibition by cow, horse, and dog allergen extracts, suggesting cross-reactivity.

Conclusions:

  • Fel d 4 is a significant lipocalin allergen in cats, frequently eliciting IgE responses in sensitized individuals.
  • This allergen provides a valuable tool for studying immune responses to lipocalins and for improving cat allergy diagnostics.
  • Further research into Fel d 4 can differentiate immune responses compared to other mammalian lipocalin allergens.