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Group A streptococcal meningitis.

J W Chow1, R R Muder

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania.

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|February 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Group A Streptococcus meningitis is rare but treatable. Most patients survive with antibiotics like penicillin, though associated illnesses and neurologic sequelae in children require attention.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neurology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Group A Streptococcus (GAS) meningitis is an uncommon but serious infection.
  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial for patient outcomes.

Observation:

  • Two new cases of GAS meningitis are presented, one associated with otitis media and another with bullous pemphigoid.
  • A review of 21 cases (including these two) from the past decade reveals associated illnesses in 17 patients, frequently otitis media or pharyngitis.

Findings:

  • Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Gram staining and blood cultures were often diagnostic.
  • Most patients (20/21) survived with antibiotic therapy, primarily penicillin.
  • Ceftriaxone is a potential alternative antibiotic.
  • Neurologic sequelae were more common in pediatric patients compared to adults.

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Implications:

  • Early recognition of GAS meningitis, especially in patients with predisposing conditions, is vital.
  • Effective antibiotic regimens, including penicillin or ceftriaxone, lead to favorable outcomes.
  • Vigilance for potential neurologic complications, particularly in children, is warranted.