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Thyroid disease in pregnancy.

Donna Neale1, Gerard Burrow

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520-8063, USA. donna.neale@yale.edu

Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America
|November 20, 2004
PubMed
Summary

This review covers maternal, fetal, and neonatal thyroid physiology and common thyroid diseases during pregnancy and postpartum. It details treatments and potential impacts on pregnancy outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Obstetrics
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Thyroid function undergoes significant physiological changes during pregnancy.
  • Maternal thyroid status impacts fetal and neonatal development.
  • Thyroid disorders are common in pregnant and postpartum populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review maternal, fetal, and neonatal thyroid physiology.
  • To discuss common thyroid diseases during pregnancy and the postnatal period.
  • To outline current treatment strategies and their effects on pregnancy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of common thyroid diseases in pregnancy.
  • Synthesis of physiological changes in maternal, fetal, and neonatal thyroid function.
  • Analysis of treatment modalities and their impact on pregnancy.

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Main Results:

  • Pregnancy significantly alters thyroid hormone levels and binding proteins.
  • Thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy can lead to adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.
  • Management strategies vary based on the specific thyroid condition and trimester.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding thyroid physiology is crucial for managing thyroid disorders in pregnancy.
  • Timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment of thyroid diseases are essential for optimal pregnancy outcomes.
  • Continued research is needed to refine management protocols for thyroid conditions during pregnancy and postpartum.