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Thyroid disease in pregnancy.

Donna Neale1, Gerard Burrow

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520-8063, USA. donna.neale@yale.edu

Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America
|November 20, 2004
PubMed
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This review covers maternal, fetal, and neonatal thyroid physiology and common thyroid diseases during pregnancy and postpartum. It details treatments and potential impacts on pregnancy outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Obstetrics
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Thyroid function undergoes significant physiological changes during pregnancy.
  • Maternal thyroid status impacts fetal and neonatal development.
  • Thyroid disorders are common in pregnant and postpartum populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review maternal, fetal, and neonatal thyroid physiology.
  • To discuss common thyroid diseases during pregnancy and the postnatal period.
  • To outline current treatment strategies and their effects on pregnancy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of common thyroid diseases in pregnancy.
  • Synthesis of physiological changes in maternal, fetal, and neonatal thyroid function.
  • Analysis of treatment modalities and their impact on pregnancy.

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Main Results:

  • Pregnancy significantly alters thyroid hormone levels and binding proteins.
  • Thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy can lead to adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.
  • Management strategies vary based on the specific thyroid condition and trimester.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding thyroid physiology is crucial for managing thyroid disorders in pregnancy.
  • Timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment of thyroid diseases are essential for optimal pregnancy outcomes.
  • Continued research is needed to refine management protocols for thyroid conditions during pregnancy and postpartum.