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A conceptual framework to study medication adherence in older adults.
Michael D Murray1, Daniel G Morrow, Michael Weiner
1Department of Pharmacy Practice, Purdue University School of Pharmacy, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA. mmurray@regenstrief.org
The American Journal of Geriatric Pharmacotherapy
|November 24, 2004
Summary
Older adults face challenges with medication adherence due to multiple chronic conditions and age-related factors. Multidimensional strategies, including enhanced pharmacy services, are crucial for improving medication compliance.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Pharmacology
- Health Services Research
Background:
- Older adults (aged 50+) frequently manage multiple chronic diseases and associated medications.
- Medication non-adherence is common, even for beneficial drugs, due to various underlying reasons.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review medication adherence concepts and measurement in older adults.
- To present a conceptual model for adherence research.
- To discuss interventions, like pharmaceutical care, to improve medication adherence.
Main Methods:
- Literature search of MEDLINE, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, and AARP Ageline (1990-2000).
- Keywords included 'aged,' 'heart failure,' 'adherence,' and 'compliance.'
- Inclusion of pre-1990 seminal literature and textbooks.
Main Results:
- Aging impairs cognitive function necessary for medication management, while medication use increases.
- Factors like vision, hearing, health literacy, disability, and socioeconomic status impact adherence.
- Older adults experience significant challenges in adhering to prescribed medication regimens.
Conclusions:
- Medication adherence in older adults is influenced by numerous interconnected factors.
- Improving adherence requires multifaceted approaches addressing age-related cognitive and physical declines.
- Enhanced pharmacy services and consideration of environmental/social factors are essential for better medication use.