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Related Concept Videos

Longitudinal Research02:20

Longitudinal Research

Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
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Variability: Analysis

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Calculating drug dosage and accumulation in multiple-dose regimens is crucial for achieving therapeutic efficacy while avoiding toxicity. This involves determining the plasma drug concentrations over time to optimize dosing schedules. The principle of superposition is fundamental in this process, allowing for the prediction of drug concentration in plasma following multiple doses based on single-dose data.The principle of superposition asserts that the plasma concentration-time curves from...
Classification of Illness01:17

Classification of Illness

The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
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Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Intermittent IV Infusions01:24

Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Intermittent IV Infusions

Intermittent intravenous (IV) infusion is a method of drug administration where medications are delivered over short infusion periods followed by intervals of no drug delivery. This approach helps to prevent sustained high drug concentrations in the bloodstream, reducing the risk of adverse effects associated with prolonged exposure. Unlike continuous infusion, steady-state concentrations may not be achieved during a single dosing cycle but can be reached through repeated...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Assessing Burrowing, Nest Construction, and Hoarding in Mice
08:23

Assessing Burrowing, Nest Construction, and Hoarding in Mice

Published on: January 5, 2012

Distinguishing variability in hoarding symptom course across time.

Sara K Nutley1, Catherine W Striley2, Linda B Cottler2

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, 1149 Newell Dr., PO Box 100256, Gainesville, FL, L4-100, 32611, USA. snutley@ufl.edu.

BMC Psychiatry
|May 23, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Hoarding disorder (HD) can improve, with some individuals showing rapid symptom remission. Early onset hoarding with ADHD is linked to worsening symptoms, highlighting the need for tailored interventions.

Keywords:
Age of onsetHoardingLatent class mixture modelLongitudinal courseSymptom trajectory

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Longitudinal Studies

Background:

  • Hoarding disorder (HD) is often viewed as chronic and progressive.
  • Little is known about the longitudinal course and factors influencing HD symptom progression, maintenance, or remission.
  • This is the first prospective study examining hoarding symptom trajectories in a large adult sample.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize patterns of hoarding symptom chronicity.
  • To investigate the longitudinal course of hoarding symptoms over 5 years.
  • To explore demographic and clinical factors associated with different symptom trajectories.

Main Methods:

  • 1,275 adults with clinically significant hoarding symptoms were recruited from the internet-based Brain Health Registry.
  • Online self-report measures of hoarding symptom severity were collected at 6-month intervals for 5 years.
  • Latent class mixed modeling (LCMM) identified symptom trajectories, which were compared to theory-driven models.

Main Results:

  • Three distinct trajectories emerged: persistent severe (15.9%), persistent mild/subclinical (74.9%), and rapidly improving (9.2%).
  • The "improving" group showed sustained remission within 18 months, characterized by later onset and higher PTSD prevalence.
  • Heterogeneity was observed within "mild" and "severe" groups; childhood-onset hoarding with ADHD predicted worsening symptoms in the "severe" class.

Conclusions:

  • Individuals with hoarding disorder exhibit significant variability in their longitudinal symptom course.
  • A distinct subgroup experiences rapid improvement, with unique clinical and demographic profiles.
  • Findings emphasize monitoring intraindividual change and may inform early intervention strategies for hoarding disorder.