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Loneliness in Black elderly.

M H Alston, E B Small, M D Whiteside

    Journal of National Black Nurses' Association : JNBNA
    |January 1, 1992
    PubMed
    Summary

    Black elderly individuals experience loneliness differently based on marital status. Widowed and married Black elderly, particularly women, utilize rationalization, while unmarried Black elderly, especially females, may perceive loneliness as permanent and unsolvable.

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    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology
    • Social Psychology
    • Sociology

    Background:

    • Loneliness is a significant concern among elderly populations.
    • Understanding the nuances of loneliness across different demographic groups is crucial for targeted interventions.
    • Previous research has not fully explored loneliness experiences within specific ethnic and marital status groups of older adults.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the experience of loneliness in three distinct groups of Black elderly individuals: Married, Widowed, and Never Married.
    • To identify differences in loneliness perception and coping mechanisms among these groups.
    • To examine potential sex-specific differences in loneliness experiences.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized the deJong-Giervald Loneliness Scale, comprising nine subscales (L1-L9), to measure various facets of loneliness.
    • Compared loneliness scores across Married, Widowed, and Never Married Black elderly participants.
    • Analyzed data to identify statistically significant differences in loneliness subscale scores between groups.

    Main Results:

    • Significant differences in loneliness scores were observed in two subscales: rationalization of personal loneliness (L4) and perceived permanence of loneliness (L6).
    • Widowed and Married groups, predominantly women, exhibited lower mean scores on L4 and L6, suggesting greater use of rationalization.
    • Unmarried Black elderly, particularly females, reported higher scores on L6, indicating a perception of loneliness as permanent.

    Conclusions:

    • Marital status and sex significantly influence how Black elderly individuals perceive and cope with loneliness.
    • Married and Widowed Black elderly women appear to employ rationalization as a coping strategy more frequently.
    • Unmarried Black elderly females may experience a greater sense of hopelessness regarding their loneliness, highlighting a need for tailored support.

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