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Updated: Aug 20, 2026

Generation, Amplification, and Titration of Recombinant Respiratory Syncytial Viruses
Published on: April 4, 2019
Retrovirus budding
Dimiter G Demirov1, Eric O Freed
1Virus-Cell Interaction Section, HIV Drug Resistance Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Bldg. 535/Rm. 124, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA.
Abstract:
The release of retrovirus particles from the infected cell is greatly stimulated by short motifs, known as "late" or "L" domains, present within the Gag precursor protein. Three distinct classes of L domains have been identified; these bear the core sequence: Pro-Thr/Ser-Ala-Pro [P(T/S)AP], Pro-Pro-x-Tyr (PPxY), or Tyr-Pro-x-Leu (YPxL). A number of recent studies have demonstrated that L domains function by interacting with components of the machinery responsible for sorting cellular proteins into the multivesicular body (MVB) pathway. This review traces the history of L domain discovery and characterization, and highlights the relationship between L domain activity, retrovirus release, and the host endosomal sorting machinery.
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