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Temporal course of auditory hallucinations.

Sukhwinder S Shergill1, Mick J Brammer, Edson Amaro

  • 1Division of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, UK. s.shergill@iop.kcl.ac.uk

The British Journal of Psychiatry : the Journal of Mental Science
|December 2, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Brain activity in auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) in schizophrenia was studied using fMRI. Findings show distinct brain region activations preceding and coinciding with hallucination perception, supporting inner speech generation theories.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) are a core symptom of schizophrenia.
  • The neural mechanisms underlying AVH, particularly the temporal dynamics of brain activity, remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporal sequence of brain activation during hallucinatory events in schizophrenia using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
  • To test the hypothesis that inner speech generation precedes the perception of auditory verbal hallucinations.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed to monitor brain activity in individuals experiencing schizophrenia-related AVH.
  • Participants' subjective reports of hallucination onset were synchronized with fMRI data acquisition.

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Main Results:

  • Activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus and right middle temporal gyrus was observed 6-9 seconds before the reported onset of hallucinations.
  • Simultaneously with hallucination perception, activation was noted in bilateral temporal gyri and the left insula.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest a temporal dissociation in brain activity during AVH.
  • Cortical regions involved in inner speech generation may activate prior to regions associated with auditory perception, supporting predictive models of hallucination generation.