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Lymphadenopathy after BCG vaccination in a child with chronic granulomatous disease

Ana Paula Vieira1, Júlia Vasconcelos, José Carlos Fernandes

  • 1Department of Dermatology, S. Marcos Hospital, Apartado 2242, 4701-965 Braga, Portugal. dermato@hsmbraga.min-saude.pt

Pediatric Dermatology
|December 4, 2004
PubMed

Insights

A bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination complication led to the diagnosis of chronic granulomatous disease in a young boy. This case highlights the importance of investigating underlying immunodeficiencies when vaccine-related adverse reactions occur.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Genetics
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination is a standard procedure for preventing tuberculosis.
  • Adverse reactions to BCG vaccination can occur, particularly in individuals with compromised immune systems.

Observation:

  • A 15-month-old boy presented with an ulcer in the axillary fold after BCG vaccination.
  • The patient's mother exhibited lupus-like lesions, a known association with certain genetic carrier states.

Findings:

  • Immunologic and genetic evaluations confirmed the boy had chronic granulomatous disease (CGD).
  • The mother's symptoms were linked to her carrier status for CGD, a genetic immunodeficiency.

Implications:

  • BCG vaccination can reveal underlying immunodeficiencies, such as CGD.
  • Prompt diagnosis of immunodeficiencies is crucial for managing vaccine-related complications and patient health.
  • Genetic counseling and carrier screening are important for families with a history of CGD.

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