Periimplantitis.

Area of Science:

• Dentistry
• Implantology
• Periodontology

Background:

• Dental implants offer high success rates for orodental rehabilitation.
• Peri-implant disease, particularly peri-implantitis, presents a significant complication.
• Peri-implantitis involves inflammation and loss of bone support around the implant.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe complications associated with dental implant rehabilitation, focusing on peri-implantitis.
• To detail the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of peri-implantitis.
• To present microbiological findings and effective antibiotic therapies for peri-implantitis.

Main Methods:

• Review of complications in dental implantology.
• Description of etiological factors including tissue status, implant design, and mechanical load.
• Diagnostic criteria including visual changes, bleeding, probing depth, suppuration, and radiographic bone loss.
• Surgical and decontamination techniques for treatment.
• Microbiological study to identify effective antibiotic therapies.

Main Results:

• Common etiological factors include peri-implant tissue status, implant design, surface roughness, component alignment, morphology, and excessive mechanical load.
• Spirochetes and mobile Gram-negative anaerobes are frequently implicated, except in cases of mechanical overload.
• Treatment strategies vary based on mucositis or peri-implantitis.
• A microbiological study identified amoxicillin and clavulanic acid as the most efficacious antibiotic combination.

Conclusions:

• Peri-implantitis is a complex inflammatory condition requiring careful diagnosis and tailored treatment.
• Addressing technical defects and employing decontamination are key therapeutic objectives.
• The combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid demonstrates significant efficacy in managing peri-implantitis based on antibiogram results.