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[Alcohol dependence, temper and personality].

Michel Lejoyeux1

  • 1Service de psychiatrie, Hôpital Bichat-Claude-Bernard, 46, rue Henri-Huchard, 75018 Paris, France. michel.lejoyeux@bch.ap-hop-paris.fr

Medecine Sciences : M/S
|December 8, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Individuals with alcohol dependence exhibit higher levels of sensation seeking, a personality trait linked to behavioral addiction. Research explores psychological and biological factors contributing to alcohol dependence, including personality disorders and genetic correlations.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Context:

  • Alcohol dependence is a complex condition with significant public health implications.
  • Understanding the psychological underpinnings of alcohol dependence is crucial for effective treatment.
  • Research has evolved from identifying 'pre-addictive' personality traits to exploring specific personality disorders and temperaments.

Purpose:

  • To review classical and recent research on alcohol dependence.
  • To identify key psychological parameters associated with alcohol dependence.
  • To explore neurophysiological and genetic correlates of these personality features.

Summary:

  • This review synthesizes psychopathological, neurophysiological, and genetic research on alcohol dependence.
  • Key psychological parameters identified include sensation seeking, antisocial personality, and novelty seeking.
  • Individuals with alcohol dependence consistently show higher levels of sensation seeking, a trait measured across five components.

Impact:

  • Highlights the role of personality dimensions, particularly sensation seeking, in alcohol dependence.
  • Suggests potential biological markers for alcohol dependence through neurophysiological and genetic studies.
  • Provides a foundation for further research into personalized interventions for alcohol use disorders.

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