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Updated: Aug 20, 2026

Conducting Miller-Urey Experiments
Published on: January 21, 2014
Data selection and responsible conduct: was Millikan a fraud?
1University of Cambridge, Department of History and Philosophy of Science, UK. rcj11@cam.ac.uk
Abstract:
This paper addresses a problem in reporting scientific research. The problem is how to distinguish between justifiable and unjustifiable data selection. Robert Millikan is notorious for an infamous remark that he used all his data when in fact he had used a selection. On this basis he has been accused of fraud. There is a tension here--historians and his defenders see his selection as understandable and legitimate, while current statements about the Responsible Conduct of Research imply his selection was illegitimate. This paper discusses two main issues that arise in assessing his conduct, whether he was intentionally misleading and whether he actually did mislead the scientific community about some facts of nature. It is argued that he was not intentionally misleading, and that it is unlikely that he misled the scientific community.
Insights
This study examines Robert Millikan's data selection in his oil drop experiments. It argues Millikan's choices were justifiable and he did not intentionally mislead the scientific community.
Area of Science:
- Physics
- History of Science
- Scientific Ethics
Background:
- Examines the controversy surrounding Robert Millikan's oil drop experiment data selection.
- Addresses the tension between historical interpretations and current Responsible Conduct of Research standards regarding data selection.
Discussion:
- Analyzes whether Millikan's data selection was justifiable or constituted scientific misconduct.
- Investigates the intent behind Millikan's actions and the impact on the scientific community.
Key Insights:
- Argues that Millikan's data selection was not intentionally misleading.
- Concludes that Millikan likely did not mislead the scientific community about the physical facts.
Outlook:
- Re-evaluates historical scientific practices in light of modern ethical guidelines.
- Provides a framework for distinguishing legitimate data selection from scientific fraud.
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