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Transient global amnesia. A case control study.

T P Melo1, J M Ferro, H Ferro

  • 1Department of Neurology, Hospital de Santa Maria, University of Lisbon, Portugal.

Brain : a Journal of Neurology
|February 1, 1992
PubMed
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Transient global amnesia (TGA) is linked to hypertension and migraine, not diabetes or high cholesterol, unlike transient ischemic attacks (TIA). TGA appears benign, with thromboembolism and epilepsy unlikely causes.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Vascular Neurology

Background:

  • Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a distinct neurological event.
  • Understanding TGA's etiology is crucial for differential diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the risk factors and potential causes of transient global amnesia (TGA).
  • To compare TGA patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) patients and normal controls.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 51 TGA patients and 102 controls (51 TIA patients, 51 normal controls).
  • Vascular risk factors, medical history, and recent trauma were assessed.
  • Follow-up was conducted to observe outcomes.

Main Results:

  • TGA patients showed significantly higher rates of hypertension (OR=3.31) and migraine (OR=8.67) compared to normal controls.

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  • TGA patients had lower rates of diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertriglyceridemia than TIA patients.
  • Recurrent TGA occurred in 3 patients; one experienced a TIA and minor stroke; no seizures were observed.

    • Conclusions:

    • Hypertension and migraine may be associated with TGA.
    • Diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertriglyceridemia are less likely associated with TGA compared to TIA.
    • Thromboembolism and epilepsy are unlikely causes of TGA, suggesting a benign nature potentially influenced by hemodynamic changes and individual susceptibility.