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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Super-Resolution Imaging of Bacterial Secreted Proteins Using Genetic Code Expansion

Super-Resolution Imaging of Bacterial Secreted Proteins Using Genetic Code Expansion

Published on: February 10, 2023

Expanding the genetic code.

Lei Wang¹, Peter G Schultz

¹Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)

|December 16, 2004

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists can now genetically encode over 30 novel amino acids, expanding the building blocks beyond the standard 20. This breakthrough allows for the creation of proteins with enhanced or entirely new properties.

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Last Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Super-Resolution Imaging of Bacterial Secreted Proteins Using Genetic Code Expansion

Super-Resolution Imaging of Bacterial Secreted Proteins Using Genetic Code Expansion

Published on: February 10, 2023

Identification of Coding and Non-coding RNA Classes Expressed in Swine Whole Blood

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Published on: November 28, 2018

Screening for Functional Non-coding Genetic Variants Using Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay EMSA and DNA-affinity Precipitation Assay DAPA

Screening for Functional Non-coding Genetic Variants Using Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay EMSA and DNA-affinity Precipitation Assay DAPA

Published on: August 21, 2016

Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Molecular Biology
Synthetic Biology

Background:

Protein engineering is limited by the 20 common amino acids.
Current methods restrict modifications to these standard building blocks.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe advances in genetically encoding novel amino acids.
To expand the protein building blocks beyond the standard 20 amino acids.

Main Methods:

Genetically encoding over 30 novel amino acids.
Utilizing unique triplet and quadruplet codons.
Incorporating diverse side chains like fluorescent, photoreactive, and redox-active groups.

Main Results:

Successful genetic encoding of over 30 non-canonical amino acids.
Demonstrated incorporation of amino acids with diverse functionalities (fluorescent, photoreactive, redox-active, glycosylated, keto, azido, acetylenic, heavy-atom).
Expansion of the genetic code in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.

Conclusions:

Removing limitations of the standard 20 amino acid code.
Enabling the generation of proteins with novel or enhanced properties.
Potential for engineering entire organisms with new functionalities.