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Related Experiment Videos

Drag reduction by a linear viscosity profile.

Elisabetta De Angelis1, Carlo M Casciola, Victor S L'vov

  • 1Dipartimento di Meccarica e Aeronautica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184, Roma, Italy.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|December 17, 2004
PubMed
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Polymer additives reduce drag in turbulent flows by increasing viscosity near walls. This study confirms that a linear viscosity profile effectively reduces drag, resolving a long-standing paradox in fluid dynamics.

Area of Science:

  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Rheology
  • Polymer Physics

Background:

  • Drag reduction by polymers in turbulent flows presents a paradox: polymer stretching increases viscosity, yet drag is reduced.
  • A recent theory suggests drag reduction occurs when effective viscosity increases linearly with distance from the wall.
  • This theory posits that reduced Reynolds stress compensates for increased viscous drag.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanism of drag reduction by polymers in turbulent flows.
  • To validate the theory of linearly increasing effective viscosity using direct numerical simulations.
  • To compare simulation results with experimental data and the FENE-P model.

Main Methods:

  • Direct numerical simulations (DNS) were employed to model turbulent flow with polymers.

Related Experiment Videos

  • A linear viscosity profile was implemented to simulate the theoretical model.
  • Simulations were conducted under identical flow conditions to the FENE-P model for comparison.

    • Main Results:

    • Direct numerical simulations confirmed that a linear viscosity profile effectively reduces drag.
    • The observed drag reduction closely matched theoretical predictions.
    • Results were in close correspondence with direct simulations of the FENE-P model.

    Conclusions:

    • The study validates the theory that a linear viscosity profile is responsible for polymer-induced drag reduction.
    • The findings resolve the apparent contradiction between increased viscosity and reduced drag.
    • This research provides a fundamental understanding of drag reduction mechanisms in turbulent polymer solutions.