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Step training-dependent plasticity in spinal cutaneous pathways.

Marie-Pascale Côté1, Jean-Pierre Gossard

  • 1Centre de Recherche en Sciences Neurologiques, Département de Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7 Canada.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|December 17, 2004
PubMed
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Step training after spinal cord injury modifies cutaneous sensory pathways. This plasticity, particularly involving skin input from the foot, is crucial for normalizing reflexes and recovering stepping ability.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Spinal Cord Injury Research

Background:

  • Spinal cord injury (SCI) disrupts motor control, but plasticity in spinal networks can facilitate recovery.
  • Proprioceptive feedback is known to aid stepping recovery after SCI.
  • Cutaneous afferents, important for foot placement, are also activated during locomotion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if step training modifies transmission in cutaneous sensory pathways after SCI.
  • To determine the specificity of plasticity within cutaneous pathways following locomotor training.

Main Methods:

  • Intracellular recordings from lumbar motoneurons in spinal cats (trained vs. untrained).
  • Stimulation of three different cutaneous nerves to test transmission pathways.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparison of motoneuronal responses before and after step training.

    • Main Results:

    • Step training modified 10 out of 71 tested cutaneous pathways.
    • Transmission was reduced in 7 pathways and facilitated in 3.
    • Plasticity was particularly noted in pathways involving the medial plantar nerve, crucial for sensing ground contact.

    Conclusions:

    • Locomotor training induces specific plasticity in cutaneous pathways after SCI.
    • Reduced transmission in most cutaneous pathways suggests normalization of exaggerated reflexes.
    • Modulation of skin input, especially from the plantar surface, is vital for recovering stepping post-SCI.