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Low-resolution electromagnetic tomography neurofeedback.

Marco Congedo1, Joel F Lubar, David Joffe

  • 1Department of Psychology of the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-0900, USA. loretabiofeedback@yahoo.com

IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering : a Publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
|December 24, 2004
PubMed
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Neurofeedback training using Low-Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography (LORETA) allows individuals to control their brain activity. This novel approach enhances sustained attention by improving the beta/alpha current density power ratio.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Brain-Computer Interfaces
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Electroencephalogram (EEG) biofeedback, or neurofeedback, enables individuals to modulate brain electrical activity.
  • Traditional neurofeedback is limited by the spatial resolution of scalp electrodes.
  • Low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (LORETA) offers a method to estimate intracranial current density.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a neurofeedback method using LORETA to enhance intracranial current density.
  • To investigate participants' ability to voluntarily increase the beta/alpha current density power ratio.
  • To assess the potential of this technique for improving sustained attention.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized LORETA to derive intracranial current density from 19-electrode EEG data.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Trained six participants to enhance the current density power ratio between beta (16-20 Hz) and alpha (8-10 Hz) bands.
  • Focused the neurofeedback on the Anterior Cingulate cortex (cognitive division) to improve sustained attention.

    • Main Results:

    • Participants successfully increased the beta/alpha current density power ratio over training sessions.
    • Subjects demonstrated the ability to voluntarily enhance this ratio by the end of the study.
    • The findings provide experimental support for both hypotheses regarding ratio increase and voluntary control.

    Conclusions:

    • This study presents the first application of an EEG inverse solution (LORETA) for neurofeedback.
    • The developed tomographic neurofeedback technique shows promise for targeted brain activity modulation.
    • Potential applications include treating epilepsy, rehabilitating brain injuries, and advancing brain-computer interfaces.