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Three-day magnesium administration prevents atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting

Hiroki Kohno1, Toshiya Koyanagi, Hitoshi Kasegawa

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sakakibara Heart Institute, Tokyo, Japan. hkcw@mac.com

The Annals of Thoracic Surgery
|December 29, 2004
PubMed

Insights

Postoperative magnesium infusion significantly reduced atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. However, it was insufficient alone for older patients or those with reduced heart function.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiac Surgery
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Controversy exists regarding magnesium's efficacy in preventing post-coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) atrial fibrillation (AF).
  • Optimal dosage and timing for magnesium administration require further clarification.
  • This study aimed to evaluate a 3-day postoperative magnesium infusion protocol for AF prevention post-CABG.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effectiveness of a 3-day postoperative magnesium sulfate infusion in preventing atrial fibrillation (AF) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
  • To identify factors influencing the efficacy of magnesium therapy in this patient population.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective analysis of 200 patients undergoing isolated, initial CABG.
  • 100 patients received no prophylactic treatment, while 100 received a 3-day postoperative infusion of magnesium sulfate (10 mmol daily).

Main Results:

  • The incidence of postoperative AF was significantly lower in the magnesium-treated group (16%) compared to the untreated group (35%) (p = 0.002).
  • Independent predictors of AF included advanced age, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, and absence of magnesium therapy.
  • In patients receiving magnesium, advanced age and reduced ejection fraction remained significant predictors of AF.

Conclusions:

  • A 3-day postoperative magnesium infusion effectively reduces the incidence of AF following CABG surgery.
  • Magnesium therapy alone is insufficient for preventing AF in elderly patients or those with impaired left ventricular function.
Abstract

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