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Ocular lesions in acute disseminated tuberculosis
1Lilavati Hospital and Research Center, Mumbai, India. doc@retinaconsultant.com
Ocular Immunology and Inflammation
|December 29, 2004
Summary
Ocular involvement is common in acute disseminated tuberculosis, with choroidal tubercles being the most frequent sign. Early detection of these eye lesions aids in timely treatment of tuberculosis.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health challenge, particularly disseminated forms.
- Acute disseminated tuberculosis can affect multiple organ systems.
- Ocular manifestations of tuberculosis are not well-characterized in acute disseminated disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of ocular involvement in patients with acute disseminated tuberculosis.
- To identify specific ophthalmic findings in these patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of intensive care unit (ICU) admissions over one year.
- Patients with a differential diagnosis of mycobacterial sepsis underwent systemic and ophthalmic evaluation.
- Diagnostic confirmation of mycobacterial sepsis was performed.
Main Results:
- Out of 342 admissions, 24 had suspected mycobacterial infection; 10 were confirmed cases of mycobacterial sepsis.
- Six of the 10 patients (60%) exhibited ocular involvement.
- Choroidal tubercles were observed in 5 patients (83%), and retinal vasculitis in 1 patient (16%).
Conclusions:
- Ocular involvement is a frequent finding in acute disseminated tuberculosis.
- Choroidal tubercles are the most common ocular manifestation.
- Early identification of ocular lesions can facilitate prompt initiation of targeted anti-tuberculosis therapy.
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